新托福阅读练习资料（含答案）：Hormones in the Body

　　32. The word key in the passage is closest in meaning to
　　(A) misunderstood
　　(B) precise
　　(C) significant
　　(D) simple
　　33. The word minute in the passage is closest in meaning to
　　(A) sudden
　　(B) small
　　(C) changing
　　(D) noticeable
　　34. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
　　(A) Most moods and actions are not voluntary because they are actually produced by the production of hormones in the body.
　　(B) Because the effects of hormones are difficult to measure, scientists remain unsure how far-reaching their effects on moods and actions are.
　　(C) When the body is not producing enough hormones, urgent treatment may be necessary to avoid psychological damage.
　　(D) The influence of many hormones is not easy to measure, but they can affect both people’s psychology and actions extensively.
　　35. The word tempered in the passage is closest in meaning to
　　(A) decreased
　　(B) advertised
　　(C) prescribed
　　(D) researched
　　36. Which patients are usually treated with growth hormone?
　　(A) Adults of smaller statue than normal
　　(B) Adults with strong digestive systems
　　(C) Children who are not at risk from the treatment
　　(D) Children who may remain abnormally small
　　37.Which of the following sentences explains the primary goal of hormone replacement therapy?
　　These sentences are highlighted in the passage.
　　(A) The quantities and proportions of hormones produced change with age, so scientists have given a great deal of study to shifts in the endocrine system over time in the hopes of alleviating ailments associated with aging.
　　(B) A combination of estrogen and progesterone has been prescribed for decades to women who want to reduce mood swings, sudden changes in body temperature, and other discomforts caused by lower natural levels of those hormones as they enter middle age.
　　(C) HRT may also increase the likelihood that blood clots-dangerous because they could travel through the bloodstream and block major blood vessels-will form.
　　(D) Because of the complicated effects growth hormone has on the body, such treatments are generally restricted to children who would be pathologically small in stature without it.
　　38. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.The body is a complex machine, however, and recent studies have called into question the wisdom of essentially trying to fool its systems into believing they aren’t aging.Where would the sentence best fit?Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage.
　　39. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.
　　The class of chemicals called hormones was discovered by two researchers studying a substance produced in the small intestine.
　　Answer Choices
　　The term hormone is based on a Greek word that means "to excite" or "to set in motion."Researchers are looking for ways to decrease the dangers of treatments with growth hormone so that more patients can benefit from it.
　　Hormones can be given artificially, but such treatments have risks and must be used carefully.Hormones can affect not only life processes such as growth but also behavior and emotion.
　　Scientists have discovered that not only the nervous system but also certain chemicals can affect bodily processes far from their points of origin.Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may increase the risk of blood clots and heart disease in middle-age women.
　　Answer Keys
　　Reading:
　　27. B
　　28. A
　　29. D
　　30. C
　　31. D
　　32. C
　　33. B
　　34. D
　　35. A
　　36. D
　　37. A
　　38. third square
　　39.1) Scientists have discovered that not only the nervous system….
　　2) Hormones can affect not only life processes…..
　　3) Researchers are looking for ways to decrease the dangers of …