2018年5月12日的托福考试终于结束了,那么准备在这个月考试的同学可以参考一下今天的真题,看看难度怎么样?下面就和出国留学网的小编来看看2018年5月12日托福真题回忆以及解析一览。
听力
Conversation 1
话题分类:学生和老师
内容回忆:学生去问老师关于assignment的comment,老师讲到叫做Little Dancer Aged Fourteen(十四岁的小舞女)的雕塑,并且提到作者德加Edgar Degas. 这个雕像本初是wax sculpture,在Edgar Degas去世后被翻制成了bronze,并暗示德加生前其实比较拒绝把它制成铜的。学生最后表示要拓展一下自己paper的内容,更多涉及一些雕像的材料。
Conversation 2
话题分类:学生和辅导员
内容回忆: 女生要sign up 教授Adams的seminar,但是已经没有名额了,辅导员把她放在waiting list,同时还要填写一个consent form,并参加一个lab seminar,学生不解,问为什么以前不需要,辅导员讲Adams的课程形式有点不同,需要了解学生的基础。在选择seminar方面,学生挑选的老师schedule有变,辅导员建议学生最好参考Web-based schedule,那个updates every day.
Lecture 1
学科分类:Architecture
标题: cathedral
内容回忆: cathedral是Christian church. 历史上,建造cathedral是一个city success的象征。 有一个叫ED的人建了一个bronze model of cathedral,要比通常的size大很多。期初cathedral的结构并不是很稳定,后来有一个名叫AC的建筑家,他参考了很多建筑的dome,加固了cathedral的结构,被沿用至今。
Lecture 2
学科分类: biology
标题: leatherback turtle
内容回忆:我们今天来聊一聊动物的animal behavior,我们要聊的是sea turtle,一种叫做leatherback turtle. 首先turtle是很难研究的, 因为它们大部分时间都是below the surface,难以观察。研究的一个步骤就是进行locate,locate的最好时期就是egg hatchery. 这些egg里有些全部是embryo,但有些已经partly hatched. 海龟们会通过acoustical method来交流,保护大家的安全,躲避捕食者。
Lecture 3
学科分类: Astronomy
标题:brown dwarf 褐矮星
内容回忆: brown dwarf是一个很难classify的celestial body,因为从orbit来讲,它像planet一样围着恒星转,但从composition来讲,它像star一样会有dust和gas组成。关于brown dwarf的formation,有两个理论ejection theory和turbulence theory. 其中turbulence theory是low-mass star formation的一个new model,是由gravitational fragmentation形成的。
Lecture 4
学科分类: history
标题: potato
内容回忆:如果告诉你potatoes change the history你一定很惊讶,但这确实是事实,一些很平常很不起眼的东西能够改变历史。Potato其实是很有营养的,并且很容易种植,在世界各地都是重要的食物,但是开始欧洲人会觉得它长的丑,非常disgusting,没有人愿意吃。 后来它在英国变得非常popular,因为70年代的时候,England 和 America打架,当时英国的粮食都供应到前线了,政务就鼓励打架种植potato.
口语
Task 1
Which of the following characteristics do you think would be the most important for a person who is going to start a new small business?
A. being outgoing and friendly
B. being creative and imaginative
C. being well organized
Task 2
Do you agree or disagree that it is not good for children to know too soon about life’s difficulties. Give specific reasons to support your answer.
Task 3
阅读:
标题:studio spaces to be redesigned
改变:Reasons: 加强PEER的互相学习,可以给更多的地方去做art show
观点:The man feels disappointed with the policy.
原因1:Students need some privacies. They need to be concentrated. They don’t need feedback when their works are not done yet.
原因2:Many small rooms can help many students to exhibit their sculptures.
Task 4
听力概念:Availability Cascade.
定义:Media try to make news more important than it supposed to be, to get more public attention.
阅读例子: There is a travel site, which doing well in the industry. But they met a problem that the system will overcharged, maybe 15 dollars each time. Then because of AC, media starts to exposure this. Although the website manager fixed this quickly and refund the money back. But customers still don’t believe this website.
Task 5
问题:The woman promised to attend bio prof’s party, but he also needs to read those words that he retyped because of the issues from his computer.
解决方案1:Email the prof that he cannot come
优点:He can read his paper
缺点:prof cook a lot food and she might feel offended.
解决方案2:go to the party
优点:/
缺点:cannot read the paper
Task 6
标题:Two adaptations that mammals have in hot dessert
概念:In order to cool down the body temperature, mammals have two ways to achieve that.
要点1:Using the shade
例子1:squirrels’back face to the sun and use it’s big tail to create shade for body
要点2:Circulation of blood.
例子2: rabbit’s blood vessels are exposure to the air and thus, cool down the blood temperature and body temperature
阅读
Passage One
学科分类:历史
题目:Mass production: method and impact
内容回忆:
爱迪生,卡耐基,洛克菲勒这些人的发明和公司促进了技术进步,导致了市场上供大于求。第二段是面粉行业,出现了某种新技术,导致供大于求。第三段是用brand, trademark, slogans等增加了用户的需求和忠诚。第四段说很多行业开始吃哦你百家争鸣到一家独大。第五段说新技术,新工业,导致失业率上升,因为工人们不会这些新玩意儿。第六段说但是,这同时也创造了更多别的工作岗位,还有低人力,便宜的产品
Components=part
Remarkable=impressive
Confined to=limited to
Relentless=unceasing
Passage Two
学科分类:生活
题目:Hawaii Bristletail
本文第一段介绍了一下这个Bristletail,说它像shrimp。人们认为它是从某个地方迁移到夏威夷的。第二段说某个德国科学家不同意这个观点,他发现美国有种生物和这个DNA很像,应该是Bristletail的祖宗。第三段说,其实有可能是从islands to continent的。并用一些理论来支持。第四段说,小岛都是进化的终点,然后一些理论支持它
Improbable=unlikely
Definitive=final
Notion=idea
Harbor=contain
Passage Three
学科分类: 人类学
题目:The social consequence of urbanization
内容回忆:
第一段说公园前3000年,人们由于一些原因开始聚居。第二段说city-state的出现让政权取代了皇权,这比农业社会更高效。第三段说diversity and complexity represents City-state. People start to fight for this. 第四段说它weaken the family relationship. 第五段说的是gender. 男的在这个变化中比较占便宜,女的lose privileged private world.
词汇题:
Characterize= are typical of
Simultaneous= as the same time as
Execute=carry out
Privileged= advantaged
Passage Four
学科分类: 生物学
题目:The isolation and diversity of rain forest
内容回忆:
第一段说热带雨林的dense导致movements不容易。物种之间的isolation就形成了。第二段说这种isolation就会导致物种多样性,丛林的颜色茂密,动物的声音也比较响。第三段说不通的species在很短的distance就可以形成。第四段说在60-70米高的canopy之上,由于植被等变少,隔绝就没那么容易,因此有种动物harpy eagle。明显没低一点的地方那么有多样性了。
词汇题:
Congestion=overcrowding
Advantageous=favorable
Retained= kept
写作
综合
阅读:why plants fold their leaves during nighttime 我们都知道叶子白天会舒展是为了吸收光线,但关于为什么晚上会卷起来说法不一。
1. protection against cold 为了防止丧失热量。
2. protection against injection 为了防止感染真菌。 叶子湿了容易感染真菌。
3. eliminating from nighttime light 为了防止夜间光。叶子白天通过collect sunlight来trace seasons,来确定开花的best time,但如果夜间有moonlight的干扰,会distort植物判断的accuracy
听力:none of the assumptions is convincing enough
1. 叶子是通过internal mechanism抗冻的,否则无论晚上它fold or not,一道晚上freezing cold叶子照样死翘翘。
2. 叶子卷起来还是会 不能完全隔绝水,另外disease是通过fungal spore传播的,有一点点水就会spread water,能够感染,所以卷叶子并没有用。
3. 在一些完全没有月光的地方比如森林,植物的叶子也会在夜间卷起来,所以folding leaves一定有其他的原因。
独立
When there is a new technological device is available,some people will buy it immediately,while others will wait until many others have adopted it. Which view do you agree more?
解题思路:
wait
1. practical issue购买需秉承实用性原则,而不是赶潮流
2. blemish 新品可能会有设计缺陷,每次iphone发布会的论坛吐槽就是证明
3. higher price 新品价格通常不是很美丽。
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