留学社区

目录

托福阅读怎样巧用关键词

字典 |

2019-07-01 15:47

|

【 liuxue86.com - 托福阅读 】

  大家在准备托福阅读考试的时候需要针对历年的托福阅读真题进行训练,在练习的同时要了解一些常用的托福阅读技巧。下面出国留学网小编为大家整理了托福阅读如何巧用关键词?

  托福考试阅读部分一篇文章一般较长,所以一般是以段落为单位的。有时候可能会有学生说我做题的时候并不会去看整段啊,或者有学生说我看懂了哎,但题目就是没做对啊!其实我们在阅读一个段落时要学会使用方法,是什么方法可以帮助我们快速阅读呢?

  要读懂一个段落我们只需要抓住几个关键词而已。那么关键词怎么抓呢?一是看逻辑信号词;二是读句子的时候一定牢记只看主干!下面我们就以托福TPO25中的文章The Decline of Venetian Shipping为例,说说如何巧抓关键词。

  TPO25-2 The Decline of Venetian Shipping:

  Paragraph 2 This decline can be seen clearly in the changes that affected Venetian shipping and trade. First, Venic’s intermediary functions in the Adriatic Sea, where it had dominated the business of shipping for other parties, were lost to direct trading. In the fifteenth century there was little problem recruiting sailors to row the galleys (large ships propelled by oars): guilds (business associations) were required to provide rowers, and through a draft system free citizens served compulsorily when called for. In the early sixteenth century the shortage of rowers was not serious because the demand for galleys was limited by a move to round ships (round-hulled ships with more cargo space), with required fewer rowers. But the shortage of crews proved to be a greater and greater problem, despite continuous appeal to Venic’s tradition of maritime greatness. Even though sailors’ wages doubled among the northern Italian cities from 1550 to 1590, this did not elicit an increased supply.

  以上算得上是托福阅读中较长的段落了,在快速阅读这个段落的时候我们要找的关键词是:逻辑信号词—如段落中所标示的first, but, this… 我们不难发现这些信号词所在的句子基本都是解题的信息点。那么在做题定位时不妨多加留意。当然,抓住这些关键词并不难,难在理解。

  接下来我们就来看看理解这些句子时的关键词。每段话的首句是必定要读的。This decline can be seen clearly in the changes that affected Venetian shipping and trade。这是包含了一个定语从句的复杂句。先看到核心词changes,再看到Venetian shipping and trade。这篇文章接下来具体要写的内容就展露无遗,也就是威尼斯船业和贸易的变迁。

  First,这当然是开始写shipping的标志了。Venice’s intermediary functions in the Adriatic Sea, where it had dominated the business of shipping for other parties, were lost to direct trading. 我们一直强调句子要读主干,那么简单地看这个句子就是Venice’s functions were lost, 核心词很显然是lost,也对应了整篇文章的主题 decline. 接下来两句写到了15和16世纪遇到的船员难招的问题。…there was little problem recruiting sailors to row the galleys (large ships propelled by oars): guilds (business associations) were required to provide rowers, and through a draft system free citizens served compulsorily when called for. 这句话中有冒号的出现,阅读冒号之前的内容there was little problem;到下一句:the shortage of rowers was not serious because the demand for galleys was limited by a move to round ships (round-hulled ships with more cargo space), with required fewer rowers. 这句中要看到的核心是not serious;再往后看到But….to be a greater and greater problem. 到这里意思应该已经一目了然了,就是讲威尼斯船业在招聘船员方面所遭遇的变迁:little problem—not serious —greater problem.

  刚才我们讲了文章阅读部分要抓关键词,其实我们在阅读题目和选项时也是需要寻找关键词的。有些题目的选项是比较长的,四个选项看上去也差不多一段话了,所以一定要抓住关键词判断才行,如否定词、比较词和并列词。这些是快速浏览选项的第一步。再次也要看到题干和每个选项中能让我们快速定位到原文的关键词。我们还是以托福TPO25为例:

  TPO25-1 The Surface of Mars

  Paragraph 5 As on the Moon, the extent of large impact cratering (i.e. craters too big to have been filled in by erosion since they were formed) serves as an age indicator for the Martian surface. Age estimates ranging from four billion years for Mars’s southern highlands to a few hundred million years in the youngest volcanic areas were obtained in this way。

  According to paragraph 5, what have scientists been able to determine from studies of large impact cratering on Mars?

  A. Some Martian volcanoes are much older than was once thought。

  B. The age of Mars’s surface can vary from area to area。

  C. Large impact craters are not reliable indicators of age in areas with high volcanic activity。

  D. Some areas of the Martian surface appear to be older than they actually are。

  划出选项中的关键词后,定位到原文迅速浏览发现原文中并无如A和D选项中的比较,C中的否定词not和原文是明显相矛盾的,故而选择B,而B选项对应的恰好是本段末句:Age estimates ranging from four billion years for Mars’s southern highlands to a few hundred million years in the youngest volcanic areas were obtained in this way。

  根据以上分析,我们应该明白在阅读之时何为关键词。简单地讲有定位关键词和判断关键词。定位关键词包括题干及选项中的名词,还有就是段落中那些一直向你示好的逻辑信号词了,不要忘记用它们找到你解题需要的信息。判断关键词是选项中那些有特色的词汇,包括否定词,比较词或者是句子主干中的动词等,根据这些词和原文进行对应,至少有一半的选项可以迅速被排除。

  以上就是小编为大家整理的关于托福阅读巧用关键词的相关信息,大家在备考的时候可以进行参考。

  推荐阅读:

  托福考试学科类词汇一览表

  托福考试成绩要多少才算高分

  2019托福考试备考阶段一览表

  什么是托福考试成绩增送与复议

  想了解更多托福阅读网的资讯,请访问: 托福阅读

本文来源:https://toefl.liuxue86.com/t/3913087.html
延伸阅读
想要提升自己的托福口语阅读的速度,需要解决自己的一些问题,那么接下来就和出国留学网一起来看看如何提升托福阅读答题速度?(1)主题段和主题句的关键词。托福文章中的主题段和主题句都是参
2019-06-24
在托福阅读时,审题在考试中是非常重要的,那么接下来就和出国留学网一起来看看托福阅读考试审题技巧。对于托福阅读中的细节题,推断题和修辞目的题,审题是非常关键的。如果考生审题不清晰,或
2019-06-20
阅读不仅在英语考试中是重点,在中文考试中同样占比很重。其实阅读在我们生活中无处不在。但是托福阅读好像要难上些许,我们出国留学网给大家分析了一些托福阅读考点,来跟我们看看吧。一、例证
2019-06-10
托福阅读主要是掌握对文章的大意了解,那么如何提高自己的阅读理解能力呢?多选题该怎么做呢?出国人士似乎很多关心这个,和出国留学网托福栏目一起来了解了解托福阅读多选题答题指南。托福阅读
2019-06-08
托福阅读主要是掌握对文章的大意了解,那么如何提高自己的阅读理解能力呢?出国人士似乎很多关心这个,和出国留学网托福栏目一起来了解托福阅读考试成绩提升三大技巧,欢迎阅读。1.高频词汇的
2019-06-07
托福阅读是比较有难度的,大家在准备托福阅读考试的时候需要针对历年的托福阅读真题进行训练,在练习的同时要了解一些关于托福阅读评分标准的相关信息,总结一些常用的托福阅读技巧。下面出国留
2017-12-28
对于很多考托福的同学来说,托福阅读可能是一个难关,那么今天就和出国留学网的小编一起来看看如何在托福阅读中抓住关键词吧!托福考试阅读部分一篇文章一般较长,所以一般是以段落为单位的。有
2018-03-30
托福阅读如此重要,很多人不知道怎么分配时间,那么托福阅读时间该怎么分配呢?想必是不少出国人士比较关心的问题,和出国留学网一起来看看怎样分配托福阅读时间?1.单篇阅读文章定格20分钟
2019-05-30
托福阅读考生需要掌握一定的技巧,那么考好阅读考试的关键有哪些呢?和出国留学网托福考试栏目小编一起来看看吧!下面是小编整理的相关资讯,欢迎阅读。托福阅读考试需要掌握哪些关键一、因果句
2017-09-16
在阅读托福文章的时候,有些词汇虽然是我们很熟悉的,但是其意义并不一定是我们理解的意思。出国留学网整理了老师们重点讲解的一些托福阅读熟词偏意解析,供大家学习。associate【常用
2018-05-19