Day 5 Understand speaker's attitude
态度题在托福老师中属于较难回答的问题。
这类问题考察的speaker对某一事情或事物的态度。在做题时,切记勿将自己的态度、观点强加给speaker。
Speaker’s attitude
通常speaker的态度分为四种:
Positive
Negative
Objective
Not clear
Notice some words and sentences
表示肯定态度:favorable, approval, supportive, defensive, etc.
表示否定态度:disapproval, opposition, critical, dissatisfied, etc.
表示客观态度:neutral, impartial, unprejudiced, unbiased, ect.
一些特定的语言后会出现speaker的态度,如:
I think…
As far as I am concerned…
In my opinion…
It seems to me that…
Some tips about attitude questions:
1. 在听听力时, 注意听一些可以表达作者态度、观点的词语或是句子,比如在上面列出的一些词和句型。
2. 听到这些词大家也不能仅仅根据这些词选择,需要在仔细听后面有没有转折的地方。特别要注意but, however这些词后面的部分,通常这些词的后面才表明speaker的态度。
3. 注意speaker说话时的语调,是高兴,还是犹豫,这些在答题时都会有帮助。
有时,speaker不会直接表达态度,会通过更为委婉的方式表达。大家来看下面一个例子:
I heard some great examples of this on the television program on crocodiles last week. Anyone catch it? It had a few interesting bits. But you know, uh, you have to be careful, think critically. Sometimes I don't know where these shows find their experts.
What is the professor's opinion about the television program that she mentions?
A. She is concerned about the accuracy of some of the information the experts provided.
B. She is hopeful that the class will be able to discuss it.
C. She thinks it was overly critical of some recent theories about crocodiles.
D. She is surprised that it did not include more examples of crocodile communication
在这段听力材料中,speaker认为有关鳄鱼的电视节目” had a few interesting bits”,但紧接着,后面出现了”but”,表明对这一节目的质疑,因此就可以排除B项和D项,C项虽然出现了“critical”这个词,但指的是电视节目“critical”,因此排除,答案为A.
Day 6 Note-taking skills
托福听力每篇文章的长度都在600词以上,在听力时做笔记是很有必要的,因为每个人的记忆是有限的,虽然可以记住每篇材料的大体意思,但可能会记混一些重要细节。
Some tips about note-taking:
1. 记关键词。关键词是指与speaker的观点、态度的词语,或是与主题相关的词语。
2. 用简单的符号代替复杂的单词。大家也可以自己发明笔记符号,但记完之后要能明白符号代表的意思。
3. 使用一个符号表达多个意思。如果笔记符号太多,可能会非常混乱,大家可能记完之后可能会忘记这个符号代表的意思。可以在一个符号的基础上再创造,如用□(正方形)表示“国家”,那么
在 □ 里加“•”就可以表示“国内”,在外面加“•”就表示国外。
4. 记关联词,还有表示步骤的词语,特别是表示转折关系的词语,如therefore, whereas, however, in one hand等。
5. 笔记结构要清晰。大家可以听完一个unite就划一个“/”,这样笔记符号就不会连在一起。而且在记笔记时要竖着记,不要横着记,这样可以减少对笔记的反应时间。
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